Costello Syndrome (a Familial Cancer Syndrome)

  • Rhabdomyosarcoma
  • Bladder cancer
  • Redundant acral skin
  • Acanthosis nigricans
  • Periorificial papillomas (we usually think about Cowden syndrome, but that is usually on the tongue and lips)
  • Mental/growth retardation
  • Gain-of-function mutation in HRAS or KRAS (proto-oncogenes)