Candidíase recurrente

💡
  • At least 3 symptomatic episodes within the previous year
  • DDx: lichen simplex chronicus, psoriasis, lichen planes, Vulvar impetigo, neuropathic vaginal itch, lichen sclerosis, candidiasis, systemic diseases (HIV, hepatic, kidney disease)
  • Principal: candida is a gut comensal, is symbiotic in vaginal flora, as symptomatic. Can overgrow due to hormonal factors (some women have catamenial flares)
  • Factors
    • Host factors: diabetes, obesity, imunossupression
    • Iatrogenic: hormonal treatments, corticosteroids, antibiotics, immunosuppressants
    • Behavior factors: sponge/IUD, intercourse (frequency/enthusiasm), orogenital factors
  • Approach
    • Do a propper diagnosis
      • Swab and wet prep
      • Microscopy
      • Antifungal sensitivity
    • Exclude
      • Other DDx: STI, vulvar dermatoses
      • Host factors
        • Diabetes
        • Pregnancy (topical therapy only!)
        • Steroidal therapy
        • Undiagnosed HIV
        • Chemotherapy and Transplant
        • Hormonal factors: catamenial or luteal phase flare. contraception
      • Behavior factors
        • sponge/IUD
        • intercourse (frequency/enthusiasm)
        • orogenital sex
  • Treatment
    • Detroit regime (Sobel et al 2004) most popular
    • UK BASHH
    • US CDC
    • Belgium guidelines
    • If catamenial flares: hormonal suppression treatment, or fluconazol 2-3 days before catamenial
    • Fluconazol 150 D0, D3, D6
    • Nistatin 14 days
    • Change contraception
    • Boric acid 600mg OD x14d
    • Amphotericin B 50mg od 14d
    • Flucytosine 5g cream OD 14 d
    • Dietary modification has no evidence that it works
    • Probiotics have very low evidence
    • Oteseconazole - new long acting trazole approved by CDC, but low efficacy and not available in europe
    • Ibrexafungerp - new triterpenoid
    • Suggestion
      • Start with eradication (Detroit)
      • If episodes are premenstual or catamenial chose fluconazole 2 days before cyclical symptom onset
      • Fluconazol 150mg stat or 150mg x2 4-5 days apart
      • Or hormonal solution for a hormonal problem cycle suppression with depo MPA, transdermal estriol + IUD
      • If the symptoms are not cyclical think wrong diagnosis
      • If it is cyclical think hormones
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