Drug-induced pemphigus

  • All three types of pemphigus can be drug induced
    • Vulgaris (38.9%)
    • Foliaceus (33.5%)
    • Paraneoplastic (3.6%)
  • The most common drugs:
    • ACE inhibitors (captopril),
    • penicillamine,
        • đź’ˇ
        Captopril and penicillamine contain sufhydryl groups that are speculated to interact with the sulfhydryl groups in Dsg1 and Dsg3
    • gold
    • bucillamine
    • Pyritinol
    • Antibiotics (especially beta-lactams)
    • Immne checkpoint inhibitors (eg. pembrolizumab)
    • Nifedipine
    • Phenobarbital
    • Piroxicam
    • Propranolol
    • Pyrazolone
    • Topical imiquimod