Dermatoses do Ouvido Externo

notion image
 
Anatomy
  • Cartilagenous structure
  • Opening: ear canal
  • Retroauricular fold
  • Hélix
  • Anthelix
  • Concha
  • Anti-tragus
  • Lobule
  • At the level of the antihelix, concha and external auditory canal, the skin adheres closely to the cartilage
  • The external auditory canal contains numerous sebaceous glands, which open into vellus hair follicles, and apocrine (ceruminous) glands
  • Earwax is a mixture of sebum and the secretion of these apocrine glands, it has a modest antibacterial and antifungal effect
  • Outward excretion of earwax and exfoliated epidermal cells from the ear canal is partly explained by chewing
 
Tumor and Tumor-like lesions
Tumor
Location
CEC
Helix and anthelix
CBC
Concha and retroauricular region
Epidermoid cysts
• Retroauricular sulcus
• Lobule (sometimes associated with CPAP headgear)
Hiperplasia angiolinfoide
Around the ear and pinna
Linfocitoma da Borrelia
Earlobe
Cicatrizes queloides
Earlobe, complication after earpiercing
Ceruminous tumors
External auditory canal, may lead to obstruction and pain
Xanthogranuloma
Lobules
Gouty tophi
Top of the helix
Accessory Tragi
Othematoma
Pseudocyst of the auricle
Chondrodermatitis Nodularis Helicis | Nódulo Doloroso da Orelha (Winkler)
Retroauricular Fissured Acanthoma
 
Inflammatory
  • Generalidades:
    • Etiologia: infection vs. aseptic inflammation
    • Anatomy
      • Pinna & earlobe
        • Is the lobule also affected? Earlobe doesn’t have cartilage
        • Is the cartilage thickened and painful?
        • Is the epidermis intact? (suggests deep inflammation) Or is there oozing, blisters, scabs? (suggests superficial inflammation)
        • Deep involvement
          • Erisipella
            • Erysipella
            • Sinal de Millian:
              • na pinna (auricle) não há linfáticos profundos, portanto a sua afeção só pode ser por erisipela e não por celulite
            • Tratamento
              • Antigamente tudo na face era internado
              • Hoje em dia, uma celulite do pavilhão auricular deve baixar o limiar para internar mas não quer dizer automaticamente. Pode se considerar alta com uma dose de AB reforçada e seguimento mais apertado
              • Dar quinolonas pelo risco de pseudomonas do canal auditivo
              • Eczema seborreico do canal auditivo pode ser uma porta de entrada. Pode se dar daktacort ou travocort (pele do pavilhão auricular é mais espessa que a da face)
          • Condrite
        • Superficial involvement
          • Impetigo - from retroauricular sulcus or piercing
          • Ganglion geniculatum zoster (Ramsay Hunt Syndrome)
          • Concha
            • seborrheic dermatitis, psoriasis, “microbial eczema”
            • Lupus discoide
          • Earlobe
            • Eczema do pavilhão auricular
            • Extension of canal or retroauricular intertrigo
            • Complication of piercing or wearing metal earings
              • notion image
            • Eritema pernio (frost bite)
          • Helix
            • Photosensitivity → juvenile spring photodermatosis
            • Bazex syndrome
      • Retroauricular sulcus
          • Retroauricular intertrigo
            • Irritant contact dermatitis from glasses and/or hearing aids
            • Seborrheic dermatitis
            • Atopic dermatitis
            • Psoriasis
            • May have secondary infection (staph, strep)
      • External auditory canal: Otitis externa